Feast Day: September 30^th | Patron of Archaeologists, Bible Scholars, Librarians, Students

His full name was Eusebius Hieronymus. This precocious child, born to Christian parents at Stridon (modern day Ljubljana, Slovenia) in 347 AD made his way as an adolescent to Rome to complete his schooling, and there found himself moved by the catacombs and stories of the heroism of the martyrs and received baptism. He spent several years traveling throughout the empire: to Germany in the North, to Antioch in the East, and elsewhere. But it was in 375 AD that he began the fight that would make him a saint. It was during Lent, in Antioch, and he came down with a deathly fever. During the health crisis he had a dream:

Many years ago, when for the kingdom of heaven’s sake I had cut myself off from home, parents, sister, relations, and-harder still-from the dainty food to which I had been accustomed; and when I was on my way to Jerusalem to wage my warfare, I still could not bring myself to forego the library which I had formed for myself at Rome with great care and toil. And so, miserable man that I was, I would fast only that I might afterwards read Cicero. After many nights spent in vigil, after floods of tears called from my inmost heart, after the recollection of my past sins, I would once more take up Plautus. And when at times I returned to my right mind, and began to read the prophets, their style seemed rude and repellent. I failed to see the light with my blinded eyes; but I attributed the fault not to them, but to the sun. While the old serpent was thus making me his plaything, about the middle of Lent a deep-seated fever fell upon my weakened body, and while it destroyed my rest completely-the story seems hardly credible-it so wasted my unhappy frame that scarcely anything was left of me but skin and bone. Meantime preparations for my funeral went on; my body grew gradually colder, and the warmth of life lingered only in my throbbing breast.

Suddenly I was caught up in the spirit and dragged before the judgment seat of the Judge; and here the light was so bright, and those who stood around were so radiant, that I cast myself upon the ground and did not dare to look up. Asked who and what I was I replied: “I am a Christian.” But He who presided said: “Thou liest, thou art a follower of Cicero and not of Christ. For `where thy treasure is, there will thy heart be also.'” Instantly I became dumb, and amid the strokes of the lash-for He had ordered me to be scourged-I was tortured more severely still by the fire of conscience, considering with myself that verse, “In the grave who shall give thee thanks?” Yet for all that I began to cry and to bewail myself, saying: “Have mercy upon me, O Lord: have mercy upon me.” Amid the sound of the scourges this cry still made itself heard. At last the bystanders, failing down before the knees of Him who presided, prayed that He would have pity on my youth, and that He would give me space to repent of my error. He might still, they urged, inflict torture on me, should I ever again read the works of the Gentiles. Under the stress of that awful moment I should have been ready to make even still larger promises than these.

Accordingly I made oath and called upon His name, saying: “Lord, if ever again I possess worldly books, or if ever again I read such, I have denied Thee.” Dismissed, then, on taking this oath, I returned to the upper world, and, to the surprise of all, I opened upon them eyes so drenched with tears that my distress served to convince even the incredulous. And that this was no sleep nor idle dream, such as those by which we are often mocked, I call to witness the tribunal before which I lay, and the terrible judgment which I feared. May it never, hereafter, be my lot to fall under such an inquisition! I profess that my shoulders were black and blue, that I felt the bruises long after I awoke from my sleep, and that thenceforth I read the books of God with a zeal greater than I had previously given to the books of men. [Letter 22, To Eustochium: The Ciceronian Dream]

It was this dramatic encounter with the Lord that would catapult him into the desert as a hermit (a miserable experience for him as he didn’t know Greek yet, couldn’t tolerate the food, and was continuously tempted towards impurity) but it was from there that he embarked on the studies and translation-work that would make him famous. He was shortly thereafter ordained a priest and became the secretary for Pope Damasus. Many of his letters are for the formation of consecrated widows and virgins in the Eternal City. Eventually some of them would go with him to found religious communities for men and women in the Holy Land, where Jerome would spend the rest of his days and complete his Latin translation of the Bible. 

Often forgotten, Jerome was assailed by temptations to anger, impurity, and worldliness throughout his life. He flung vitriol at heretics, and saints (Ambrose and Augustine both receiving his attack at times), and literally carried a rock with which to knock himself out of his fits of fury or impurity. The Vulgate did not make him a saint; his life-long repentance and turning to Christ’s mercy did!

– Fr. Dominic Rankin 

A few weeks ago, when I wrote about the second Precept of the Church on going to confession at least once a year, I set it in the context of the third Precept:  Reception of Holy Communion at least once a year during the Easter season.  I feel like my explanation that week covered this precept well, so let’s address the final remaining Precept which states:  Observance of the days of fast and abstinence.

When we hear these two terms, fasting and abstinence, it is likely that our minds go immediately to the season of Lent.  Perhaps you have seen the Lenten regulations that we publish from the diocese each year.  They are as follows:

1. ABSTINENCE – Everyone 14 years of age and over is bound to abstain from meat on Ash Wednesday and all the Fridays of Lent.

2. FAST – Everyone 18 years of age and under 59 is required to fast on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday.

On these two days of fast and abstinence, only one full meatless meal is permitted. Two other meatless meals, sufficient to maintain strength may be taken according to each person’s needs, but together these two should not equal another full meal. Eating between meals is not permitted, but liquids (including milk and fruit juices) are allowed.

Sounds pretty straightforward, right?  Well, there is another important point about which many Catholics are unaware.  We turn first to the universal law of the Church found in the Code of Canon Law:

Abstinence from meat, or from some other food as determined by the Episcopal Conference, is to be observed on all Fridays, unless a solemnity should fall on a Friday. (Can. 1251)

In a statement from 1966, the US Bishops give a nice commentary on the reason for this law when they write:

Friday should be in each week something of what Lent is in the entire year. For this reason we urge all to prepare for that weekly Easter that comes with each Sunday by freely making of every Friday a day of self-denial and mortification in prayerful remembrance of the passion of Jesus Christ.

This means that every Friday, unless it is a Solemnity, is a day to abstain from meat.  But the Code provides the following important stipulation:

The conference of bishops can determine more precisely the observance of fast and abstinence as well as substitute other forms of penance, especially works of charity and exercises of piety, in whole or in part, for abstinence and fast. (Can 1253)

Here in the United States, it has been decided that Friday abstinence can be exercised in other ways than not eating meat.  While the US Bishops praise and give first place to the practice of abstaining from meat on Fridays, they leave room to choose an alternative penitential practice, such as abstaining from alcohol.  They also offer a helpful commentary which provides some insight into another way of observing Friday:

It would bring great glory to God and good to souls if Fridays found our people doing volunteer work in hospitals, visiting the sick, serving the needs of the aged and the lonely, instructing the young in the Faith, participating as Christians in community affairs, and meeting our obligations to our families, our friends, our neighbors, and our community, including our parishes, with a special zeal born of the desire to add the merit of penance to the other virtues exercised in good works born of living faith.

So if you are not doing anything penitential, sacrificial, or charitable on Fridays, now is a good time to start!  And if you find it hard to think of something, remember the Church’s recommendation of abstaining from meat as a worthwhile way of remembering the sacrifice that Jesus made for us on Good Friday.

Father Alford

One of the challenges that we all face in the Christian life is staying faithful to prayer even when it becomes “difficult” or when we have little desire to do so. St. Therese of Lisieux is one of the Church’s most beloved saints of the 20^th century and she wrote very simply but beautifully about prayer. Her nickname of the “Little Flower” was one that she gave to herself. She imagined herself in God’s beautiful garden as just a simple little flower, compared to the spiritual masters who are more like bushes or trees! May her simple words on prayer inspire us to “keep at it” this week as we seek to love the Lord with all our heart! 

From Story of a Soul

Sometimes when I am in such a state of spiritual dryness that not a single good thought occurs to me, I say very slowly the “Our Father,” or the “Hail Mary,” and these prayers suffice to take me out of myself.

I take refuge, then, in prayer, and turn to Mary, and our Lord always triumphs.

My strength lies in prayer and sacrifice; they are invincible weapons, and touch hearts more surely than words can do, as I have learned by experience.

We often think we receive graces and are divinely illuminated by means of brilliant candles. But from whence comes their light? From prayers, perhaps, of some humble, hidden soul, whose inward shining is not apparent to human eyes.

In a word, prayer is something noble, supernatural, which expands my soul and unites it to God.

For me, prayer is a burst from my heart, it is a simple glance thrown toward heaven, a cry of thanksgiving and love in times of trial as well as in times of joy.

Frequently, only silence can express my prayer.

Let us not grow tired of prayer: confidence works miracles.

The power of prayer has been understood by all the saints, and especially, perhaps, by those who have illumined the world with the light of Christ’s teaching.

My strength lies in prayer and sacrifice; they are invincible weapons, and touch hearts more surely than words can do, as I have learned by experience.

Our fulcrum is God: our lever, prayer; prayer which burns with love. With that we can lift the world!

Excerpt from littleflower.org 

Feast Day: September 23^rd | Patron of Adolescents, Civil Defenders, Pietrelcina, Italy

1887, like most years in human history, had a whole lot of ordinary events, and a few that you would recognize. Gustave Eiffel began work on his eponymous tower in Paris. King Kalākaua of Hawai’i was forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution, leading to Hawaii’s annexation to the United States. Yamaha Corporation was founded in Japan, originally a manufacturer of organs. Sherlock Holmes first appeared in print in England.

God’s grace was available in all of these moments, though, as is often the case, it was more visible in the humbler moments that history has long since forgotten. On March 25^th of that year, on the Friday two weeks before Easter, after a day fasting from meat and working with her husband, Grazio, in the fields, Giuseppa “Beppa” Forgione gave birth to their fourth child, though only their second to survive infancy. They were a lovely couple: Neither had received much academic education, but Beppa had a dignity and sincerity that melded marvelously with Grazio’s simplicity and lightheartedness. The townspeople would fondly recall Beppa’s penetrating eyes and Grazio’s wiry tenacity, attributes that marked them through all 47 years of their marriage. 

But that Friday evening when Francisco was born, those personal characteristics, and their own past and future, were far from the couple’s mind. Instead, they endured together the struggle of childbirth, the surreal joy of welcoming a son into their family, the poignant sadness of recalling his deceased brother and sister, and yet the sure hope that held their hearts knowing that they had given each of their children the greatest gift they ever could: baptism into God’s very life.

They owned a simple jumble-of-a-house comprised of a few connected rooms on Vico Storto Valle [hilariously, literally, “Crooked Valley Lane”]. Their whitewashed walls were adorned with little more than two crucifixes and a lithograph of Mary, but their home was filled with the love that cascades around a little Catholic family. They woke when the bells of Castle Church rang out for daybreak, starting the day with some family prayers and daily Mass.  Then Tata [Papa] would saddle the ass and begin the hour trek to his strip of farmland where he grew grapes, wheat, corn, olives, figs, and plums. There were a few sheep and hogs around, and a little cottage there if they had to stay the night, but usually they were back in Pietrelcino for nightfall, eating a dinner of produce from Beppa’s garden – apparently a lot of green beans – and maybe some pasta. If it was a feast day, Mammella [Motherdear] would prepare some of the pork sausage they had saved from last year’s hog. 

Music and stories from the Bible (Grazio was a wonderful storyteller!) and meditation on the life of Christ through their daily rosary filled the last part of the day. Days quickly became years as the life of their family was swept along through the Church’s seasons. One of the children’s favorite stories was that of the great martyred Bishop Januarius, who was buried only 40 miles, but whose blood would sometimes miraculously liquify on his feast day, September 19^th. On the one hand, nothing was notable about the Forgione’s, but on the other hand, their love for God was evident to all, and their fellow townspeople them the “God-is-everything-people”.  

We often hear only the second half of Padre Pio’s story: of his miracles and bilocation; his fervent Masses and the profound encounter with God’s Love that many received going to confession to him; how misunderstood he was by the Church, and the world; his battles with Satan; his love for Mary; his participation in Jesus’ wounds; his prediction that Karol Wojtyla would be called to be the Holy Father… But where did this holy priest come from?: A family, with a farm, and not much more than the simple meals of a loving mother and the saintly stories of a goofy dad, and consistent daily encounters with Jesus, and Mary. They sang and suffered, and loved and labored together, and from that soil grew one of the most captivating lives of all the Church’s saints. It does not take much to become a saint, a mystic, a martyr, or a stigmatist … just saying yes to God’s love into our human lives every single day.

– Fr. Dominic Rankin once visited the tomb of St. Padre Pio. He is enshrined behind glass, beneath a big, modern Church, and thousands meander past every day. Some encounter a saint, some see a celebrity, some scoff at the stories, but a few pilgrims meet there the son of two peasants who loved Jesus with as much of his heart as he could. We can all do that.

Having paused our reflections on the Precepts of the Church for one week (I hope the clarification on the status of some of our priests was helpful), let us return to the topic at hand – the second Precept of the Church:  Confession of serious sins at least once a year

Although I did not plan it this way, our continued reflection on the sometimes difficult topic of confession falls on a Sunday in which the Church provides us probably the most powerful of Jesus’s teaching on His mercy, the Parable of the Prodigal Son.  I do not want to focus too much on that parable in this article, as that is what the homily is for, just to make note of it and to keep the story in our minds as we consider the Father and the great mercy He offers to us as His beloved children in the Sacrament of Reconciliation.

One point that I will highlight from this story is the line where the younger son prepares what he is going to say when he returns to his father’s house.  We can see in this rehearsal a model for us as we prepare to return to the Father’s house in the sacrament.  Preparation is key!  Trust me, we hear a lot of confessions at the Cathedral and it is evident that the best confessions are those when it is clear that somebody has made a good preparation beforehand.  Without preparation, we risk not confessing some of the sins that we should confess.  There is a difference between not being able to recall a sin after a good preparation and simple negligence by not doing any significant preparation.  A good preparation is all the more necessary if it has been some time since our last confession.  A lack of preparation could result in a very vague confession which only speaks in general terms, which is not very beneficial, or we could find ourselves rambling on without much direction – also not very beneficial.

So how should we prepare?  I highly recommend finding a good Examination of Conscience to review.  A quick Internet search will certainly return many options.  Then, ask the Holy Spirit to help you as you examine your conscience.  If you need to, make a list that you can bring into the confessional.  Do not underestimate how unreliable our memory can be, especially when we have our nerves running high once we step into the confessional!  I have heard some people say that making a list is unnecessary, or not advisable out of a fear that somebody might find the list.  But if making a list helps you to make a good confession, by all means, go for it.  Full transparency – I make a list every time I go to confession.  When you are done, destroy the list – shred it or burn it.  When it comes time for making your confession, please stick to your sins.  Please do not confess the sins of another person.  You can only take ownership for your own sins.  Confessing our sins does not need a story, either.  As a priest I know said one time: “if you feel the need to explain it, you might just be making excuses instead of just taking ownership and confessing your sins.”  Plus, we want to be respectful of the time of those who are in line behind us.  Doing a good preparation will enable the flow of the line go much more efficiently.  Not that efficiency is and end in itself, but it is a sign of good courtesy toward your fellow penitents.  

So as you think and pray about your relationship with confession, let me gently encourage you to examine how well you prepare for your confession.  If you truly take the time to do a good preparation, I can guarantee you will benefit greatly from this sacrament the next time you go.  And that experience may well help you to embrace this gift of the Father’s mercy in a new way, such that you are eager to make use of it more frequently as one of the most effective means of truly growing in holiness. 

Father Alford